Which of the following best defines a mental disorder?

The definition of a mental disorder centers on psychological and behavioral issues that significantly impair an individual's daily functioning. This includes conditions that affect how a person thinks, feels, and behaves, often leading to challenges in personal, social, and occupational aspects of life. These impairments can manifest in various ways, such as difficulties in managing emotions, thinking clearly, and interacting with others.

Understanding mental disorders as serious health issues rather than transient states or weaknesses is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment. This perspective fosters empathy and encourages individuals to seek help rather than stigmatizing their experiences. Consequently, the other options do not align with the accepted definition of a mental disorder, as they either depict normal responses to stress, superficial mood changes, or imply a moral failing rather than a medical condition.